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Community, Economy and Population Trends in regions with long-term decline in population

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Titill: Community, Economy and Population Trends in regions with long-term decline in populationCommunity, Economy and Population Trends in regions with long-term decline in population
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10802/3220
Útgefandi: Byggðastofnun
Útgáfa: 05.2012
Efnisorð: Fólksfækkun; Byggðaþróun; Búseta
Tungumál: Enska
Tegund: Skýrsla
Athugasemdir: The report examines 30 municipalities in which the population declined by 15% or more in the period 1994-2011. These are principally located in the northwest, northeast and southeast of Iceland, in addition to Dalabyggð (West Iceland) and the Westman Islands (i.e. the town of Vestmannaeyjar) off the south coast.
The drop in population in these regions varied from a little over 12% to about 50% during the period in question. In some communities population has begun to rise again in recent years.
A clear difference emerges in population trends in rural and urban areas: for example, in one region the rural population is down 30%, while in an urban centre in the same municipality the decline is only 5%.
The number of younger people has fallen, while numbers of older people have risen; this is not a universal trend, but in general a “narrowing” is perceived in the population pyramid, with a lack of people in the 20-39 year age group. In the southern West Fjords the number of people aged under 20 has dropped by more than half, and the 20-39 age group has fallen by 40% over the same period. The decline in young population entails a lower birth rate, and hence a lack of natural renewal.
In general, the male population outnumbers the female; this varies, however, from one region to another, and between age groups. In some cases, the gender imbalance is less than it was.
In some regions the number of foreign citizens is above the national average, e.g. in the West Fjords – with the exception of the Strandir area. The number of foreign citizens has generally risen over the period in question.


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